George Mason University 2000-2001 Catalog

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Graduate School of Education


  • Administration
  • Faculty
  • Course Work
  • Admission
  • Licensure
  • Graduate Degree Programs
  • Graduate Certificate Programs
  • Health Fitness and Recreation Resources

    The Graduate School of Education (GSE) prepares scholars and practitioners in education through programs of study that have become increasingly multidisciplinary in response to the richness and complexity of a pluralistic society. In addition to providing the framework for the integration and application of knowledge from a variety of disciplines, the curricula of the school provide the opportunity for students to develop, examine, evaluate, and practice professional knowledge and skills. Teaching in GSE goes beyond imparting knowledge to include content mastery, critical thinking, research, analysis, and problem-solving activities. GSE also encompasses degree programs under the Department of Health, Fitness, and Recreation Resources.

    Administration

    Martin E. Ford, Acting Dean
    Mark B. Goor, Assistant Dean
    Bonnie M. Anderson, Director of Student and Faculty Services
    Paula A. Johnson, Coordinator of Field Relations

    Faculty

    Professors: Behrmann, Bowen (dean emeritus), Collier, Ford, Galluzzo, Isenberg, Jacob, Levy, Martin, Mastropieri, Mellander (dean emeritus), Scruggs, Seligman, Spikell, Wallace, Williams

    Associate professors: Bonfadini, Burns, Chu, DeMulder, Duck, Dunklee, Dzama, Given, Goor, Haley, Hanrahan, Maxwell, McDonald, Murray, Norton, Pierce, Razeghi, Rigsby, Sanchez, Sterling, Sturtevant, C. Thomas, W. Thomas, Thorp, White

    Assistant professors: Bannan-Ritland, Brazer, Castle, Dabbagh, Dunlap, Dunne, Fox, Givens, Groth, Hicks, Kaffenberger, Kayler, Kidd, LePage-Lees, Middleton, Morgan, Murphy, Osterling, Porter, Sprague, Varrella, D. Wood

    Administrative faculty: Anderson, Gangloff, Johnson, Jones, Neuber, Spurlock, Yamamoto

    Course Work

    GSE programs offer all course work designated COMC, EDAE, EDCC, EDCD, EDCI, EDIT, EDLE, EDRD, EDRS, EDSE, EDUC, EDUT, and IETT.

  • Admission

    Instructions about the admission process and specific program requirements are available in the Application for Graduate Study and in program handbooks available in the GSE Office of Student and Faculty Services (Robinson Hall, Room A307) or from the program information specialists in Robinson Hall, Room A339, at (703) 993-4648/2892 and gseinfo@gmu.edu. Consult the web site at www.gse.gmu.edu.

    Information about undergraduate initial teacher licensure for the music education programs in the instrumental or vocal/choral emphasis is available in the Music Department at (703) 993-1380; and for the health/physical education program in the Department of Health, Fitness, and Recreation Resources at (703) 993-2060.

    Information about graduate initial teacher licensure (with an option for an M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction in early childhood education, elementary education, secondary education, English as a second language, or foreign languages; or for an M.Ed. in Special Education) is available in the Application for Graduate Study and in program handbooks available in the GSE Office of Student and Faculty Services (Robinson Hall, Room A307). More specific information is available at monthly information sessions, "Think You Want to be a Teacher?" Call (703) 993-4648/2892 for dates and times. Distributed at these sessions are the Application for Graduate Study, Praxis registration brochures, program handbooks and requirements, and other essential information.

    Information about master of education degree programs (M.Ed. in Counseling and Development, Curriculum and Instruction, Education Leadership, and Special Education) and graduate certificate programs is obtained from the program information specialists in Robinson Hall, Room A339, at (703) 993-4648/2892. Information about the M.A. in New Professional Studies: Teaching can be obtained from the Initiatives in Educational Transformation office at (703) 993-8320. For information about the adult education concentration in the M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction, contact the Office of Adult Learning and Professional Development at (703) 993-3675.

    Information about the doctoral program is available in the Ph.D. in Education Program Office at (703) 993-2011.

    Admission Deadlines
    Generally, the application deadlines are April 1 for fall, November 1 for spring, and March 1 for summer. Some programs may have different application deadlines. Contact the GSE Admissions Office in Robinson Hall, Room A308, or at (703) 993-2144 for specifics.

    Admission Requirements

    1. Baccalaureate degree from an accredited institution of higher education.

    2. A 3.000 GPA (on a 4.000 scale) or better in the last 60 credits of undergraduate study or compensating postbaccalaureate course work. Some programs may offer provisional admission with a GPA of at least 2.750, if there is additional evidence that the applicant can succeed in a graduate program.

    3. Three letters of recommendation written on the form provided in the Graduate Application, page 10.

    4. A goals statement. (Refer to the Application for Graduate Study.)

    5. Two official copies of transcripts from each institution attended. (Transcript Request forms are in the Application for Graduate Study.)

    6. Completed application form including a Virginia Domicile Classification form. (Refer to the Application for Graduate Study.)

    7. Nonrefundable application fee of $30, payable by check, money order, or credit card. (Refer to the Application for Graduate Study.)

    8. Standardized test scores as required by some programs.

    9. Departmental forms as required by some programs.

    10. Experience or licensure as required by some programs.

    Professional Licensure

    The Graduate School of Education is responsible for professional courses, special standards, and licensure recommendation for students desiring to complete requirements for licensure programs approved by the state and by the National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) to prepare teachers, administrators, counselors, and related instructional personnel. The Virginia Board of Education has changed licensure regulations for school personnel, which in turn has caused restructuring of elementary education, English as a second language (ESL), foreign languages, school counseling, education leadership, and secondary education.

    Undergraduate Initial Licensure Programs

    Music Education (PK-12)
    Teacher licensure programs are available in instrumental or vocal/choral music education in the Department of Music in the College of Arts and Sciences. For information, call (703) 993-1380.

    Health/Physical Education (PK-12)
    A teacher licensure program is available within the Department of Health, Fitness, and Recreation Resources. For information, refer to the department's section in this chapter or call (703) 993-2060.

    Graduate Initial Licensure Programs

    For more information on these programs and for the dates and times of "Think You Want to Be a Teacher?" monthly information sessions, call (703) 993-4648/2892, or consult the web site at www.gse.gmu.edu. For FAST TRAIN information, call (703) 993-3689 or consult the web site.

    Elementary Education (PK-6)
    This licensure program with an optional M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction prepares professionals to teach children in grades prekindergarten through six. There are full-time and part-time program options; both require a student teaching internship. Students are admitted for the spring semester.

    English as a Second Language (PK-12)
    This licensure program with an optional M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction prepares professionals to teach English as a second language (ESL) in grades prekindergarten through twelve. The program requires student teaching internship experiences at the elementary and middle or secondary levels. Students planning to teach ESL are required to pass an oral and written proficiency assessment in English.

    Fast-Train (Elementary K-8)
    FAST TRAIN is an alternative teacher licensure program with an optional M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction that prepares teachers for international assignments. The curriculum consists of six required education courses offered over one year. Upon successful completion of course work and passing scores on the Praxis exams, participants receive a Statement of Eligibility. Upon completion of an internship requirement overseas--either one semester of student teaching or one year of teaching in an international school abroad--graduates can receive the PK-6 Virginia license.

    All courses have an international, multicultural emphasis reflecting the student populations abroad. The program can be completed on a part-time or full-time basis, though either schedule requires a year of enrollment. Each course includes a 20-hour field experience requirement. FAST TRAIN courses are applicable to the M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction with a concentration in Multicultural Education.

    Foreign Languages (PK-12)
    This licensure program with an optional M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction prepares professionals to teach specific foreign languages (Spanish, German, French, Russian, and Japanese) and Latin to students in grades prekindergarten through twelve. The program requires student teaching internship experiences at the elementary and middle or secondary levels.

    Secondary Education (6-12)
    This licensure program with an optional M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction prepares professionals to teach adolescents in grades six through twelve. There are full-time and part-time program options; both require a student teaching internship. Specific licensure areas include biology, chemistry, earth science, English, history/social science, mathematics, and physics. Add-on endorsements are available in speech communication, English as a second language, and Algebra I. Students are admitted for the spring semester.

    Special Education
    This licensure program with an M.Ed. in Special Education prepares professionals to teach children with special needs in three concentration areas: emotional disturbance/learning disabilities (K-12), severe disabilities (K-12), and early childhood special education (birth to age 5). All programs require a student teaching internship. Students are admitted to the program in the spring, summer, or fall. Course requirements vary from 33 to 54 credits depending on the program and prior course work.

    Unified Transformative Early Education Model (UTEEM)
    This triple-licensure program leads to an M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction and prepares professionals to work with culturally, linguistically, and ability-diverse young children and their families. Students completing this program are licensed in early childhood education, English as a second language, and early childhood special education. Participation in UTEEM requires a full-time, primarily daytime commitment for one summer and two academic years of integrated study and ongoing practice as an intern in diverse school and community settings. Students are admitted for the fall semester.

    Graduate Degree Programs

    For more information about these programs, call (703) 993-4648/2892 or consult the web site at www.gse.gmu.edu.

    • Counseling and Development, M.Ed.

      This program prepares students for careers as licensed school counselors or as professionals in institutions of higher education. The program emphasizes the integration of theory and practice and culminates in an internship in an appropriate setting. Degree applicants must have an undergraduate degree and at least 1,000 hours of counseling-related experiences. Those with a master's degree in education or a related profession who are seeking licensure either as a school counselor or a professional counselor may apply to the program as a nondegree student. Applications are accepted for spring (deadline October 1) and fall (deadline March 1) semesters.

    • Curriculum and Instruction, M.Ed.

      This program is offered as an option for those preparing for initial teacher licensure (see descriptions under Graduate Initial Teacher Licensure Programs), and also in four other concentrations for those who are licensed teachers or are experienced educators or trainers. Those concentrations are as follows:

        Adult Education

        This 30-credit program prepares professionals in a variety of roles to guide and facilitate the learning of other adults in their own fields. The program includes a 12-credit core (two 6-credit courses), which is offered in a weekend format to a cohort of students at approximately three-week intervals over 10 months (September to June). Students may enter the cohort in either September or February. The remaining course requirements, including an 18-hour individualized emphasis, are taken at the student's own pace. Current students include staff developers, adult literacy educators, park service employees, military and workplace trainers, and health care professionals. For information, call the Office of Adult Learning and Professional Development at (703) 993-3675 or consult the web site at www.gse.gmu.edu.

        Advanced Studies in Teaching and Learning

        This program is based on the propositions of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) and the Virginia Standards of Learning (SOL). The program develops teacher leaders who practice reflection through action research, problem-based learning, and self-inquiry; and develops teacher expertise in an emphasis that will identify the teacher as a potential leader in that area. The 30-credit program includes a common core of 12 credits and 18 credits in emphasis courses including restricted electives.

        The program has three alternatives:

        1. Educators without a master's degree may apply for the entire 30-credit degree program.

        2. Educators with or without a master's degree who would like advanced preparation in a particular field may apply for an 18-credit certificate in early childhood education, alternative education, science education, or literacy (which leads to a Virginia reading specialist license). See Graduate Certificate Programs for a description of these certificates.

        3. Educators with or without a master's degree who would like advanced preparation in teacher leadership or who are interested in applying for national board certification may apply for a 12-credit certificate consisting of core courses. See Graduate Certificate Programs for a description of this certificate.

        Instructional Technology

        This program provides professionals with the specialized knowledge and skills needed to apply a wide range of computer and telecommunications technologies in achieving educational goals within school, community, and corporate/public settings. Three emphases serve the various needs and interests of specific types of instructional technology clients: instructional design and development, integration of technology in schools, and assistive/special education technology. All programs include internships, practica, or relevant projects. Required course work varies from 36 to 40 credits. In addition, three certificate programs, in integration of technology in schools, multimedia development, and assistive technology, are available for students who are interested in shorter, focused course sequences.

        Multilingual/Multicultural Education

        This program prepares professionals to work with a diverse population of students. It is not a teacher licensure program; however, courses partially satisfy the requirements for an add-on endorsement in ESL PK-12. Course work includes elective courses from English, foreign languages, or other appropriate disciplines. Applications are accepted for the fall, spring, and summer.

    • Education Leadership, M.Ed.

      This program prepares educators interested in administrative and supervisory roles such as principal, assistant principal, department chairperson, team leader, supervisor, or director of instruction. This program requires 39 credits, including a culminating 6-credit internship. Graduates are eligible for licensure in administration and supervision PK-12. Applications are accepted for each semester.

    • New Professional Studies: Teaching, M.A.

      A teaching track of the New Professional Studies program is offered only to teams of experienced teachers from school divisions that contract with Initiatives in Educational Transformation (IET). Participants follow a two-year, three-summer integrated program of school-based research linked to a subject specialization.

      The degree is dedicated to the examination of four central questions: How do we understand ourselves as people and as teachers? How do we create knowledge of our world through the forms and genres of language? How do we seek knowledge and understanding of our world, students, classrooms, and schools? How do we build learning communities and reflective practice?

      The degree program is grounded in seven seminal features: curriculum and pedagogy as primary intellectual and practical interests; work in teams; reflective practice; school-based inquiry; intensive scheduling; integrated technology; and continual improvement.

      Students develop ways to use "information highways" for research and curriculum development and to confer with other educators about research, curriculum development, and theory nationally and internationally. Students are expected to have easy access to a computer that runs Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer.

      Applicants to the M.A. in New Professional Studies: Teaching, must do the following:

      1. Meet the university's general graduate admission requirement (GPA of 3.000 or better in last 60 credits of undergraduate study)

      2. Be certified as teachers or have several years of successful experience as a teacher/trainer or educational administrator

      3. Be a member of a teacher team

      4. Submit a letter from the school principal endorsing the team

      5. Submit a team goals statement

      6. Be recommended for acceptance

      Students complete 30 credits of course work. During the first year, they complete a research project in their own classrooms. In the second year, they complete a team research project that spans classrooms. Teams are expected to meet weekly and teachers are asked to journal and participate in web-based discussions tied to classroom work.

      Specific information about required course work is available from the IET administrative office at the Prince William Campus, Manassas, VA 20110. Call (703) 993-8320, fax (703) 993-8321, or e-mail iet@gmu.edu.

    • Special Education, M.Ed.

      This program offers a master of education leading to licensure in a concentration of special education: emotional disturbance/learning disabilities (K-12), severe disabilities (K-12), and early childhood special education (birth to age 5). All programs require a student teaching internship. Applicants are accepted for admission in the spring, summer, and fall. Course requirements vary from 33 to 54 credits, depending on the program and prior course work.

    • Education, Ph.D.

      The Ph.D. in Education provides advanced professional education for experienced educational practitioners pursuing or planning careers in educational settings. The Ph.D. requires a minimum of 85 credits beyond the baccalaureate degree or a minimum of 55 credits beyond the master's degree. A limited number of graduate credits taken previously may be applied to the program. However, an individual's total program may require more credits than those minimum requirements, depending on the person's goals, program requirements, and previous preparation. With the guidance of faculty, students develop individual programs of study in concert with their goals, program requirements, and self-assessed skills and knowledge. Each student's program must include study in a professional field such as education administration, educational technology, special education, curriculum, instruction, bilingual education, counseling and development, early childhood education, or literacy. The specific nature of courses is determined by the student in conjunction with a faculty doctoral advising committee upon completing two semesters in the Ph.D. program. Students also complete a minor area of study consisting of 15 credits.

      To complete the Ph.D. program, each student must demonstrate competence in oral and written English; computer literacy; mastery of the knowledge and skills in the area of professional expertise; and the ability to apply general and specific knowledge and skills to significant educational problems. Students demonstrate these competencies by successfully completing courses and seminars, by completing a doctoral portfolio, and by preparing and orally defending a doctoral dissertation. Students have five years from the time they enroll in their first class to complete all course work and the doctoral portfolio. Five additional years, starting with the date on which students are advanced to candidacy, are allowed to complete the dissertation.

      The purposes of residency are achieved in the Ph.D. program through a combination of core courses and seminars, and through continuous enrollment. These requirements include successful completion of the Leadership seminar and the Ways of Knowing seminar.

      Candidates must enroll in a minimum of one three-credit internship designed to broaden their professional expertise. Internships may occur in a variety of settings. One three-credit internship must be taken in a setting that differs from the student's work setting. In all internships, the student works with university and on-site supervisors.

      Admission Requirements

      Candidates are admitted to study by GSE. Admission is highly selective. Applicants must fulfill the following program admission requirements:

      1. A minimum of three years of successful experience as a practitioner in an educational setting

      2. A baccalaureate and/or master's degree from an accredited institution

      3. Demonstrated high intellectual capability

      4. Demonstrated leadership potential

      5. Three letters of recommendation

      6. Graduate Record Examination test scores

      7. A written goals statement relating study in the Ph.D. program to educational and career plans

      For further information about admission and program requirements, contact the Ph.D. in Education Program Office at (703) 993-2011. Completed applications must be submitted to the GSE Graduate Admissions Office by February 1 for admission for the following summer or fall, or by September 1 for admission for the following January.

      Community College Education, D.A.

      This degree program is not accepting applicants at this time.

      The Doctor of Arts in Community College Education is administered by the National Center for Community College Education (NCCCE) at (703) 993-2310. Course work educates prospective community college professionals, teachers, and administrators and helps current community college faculty members become more effective teachers. The program emphasizes a broad knowledge base in the student's teaching field or in college administration. Students select courses from designated departments in the university to develop a program of study. Knowledge areas include academic administration, chemistry, communication, computer science, economics, electrical and computer engineering, English, health and physical education, history, information systems, mathematics, nursing, operations research, applied statistics, and sociology. Applications for other fields are considered where appropriate course work is available. Under the guidance of faculty advisors and NCCCE staff, entering students develop programs of study.

      Admission
      The program requires a minimum of 55 credits beyond the master's degree. Minimum requirements include the following:

       
      Credits
      Knowledge area
      24
      Core curriculum
      18
      Internship
      3
      Doctoral dissertation
      10

      The designation of these credits is determined by NCCCE in consultation with the student. If a student is required to take more than 24 credits in the knowledge area, the credits are in addition to the 55 credits required in the program. The number of credits assigned to the knowledge area, core curriculum, internship, and doctoral dissertation may vary within the above guidelines. Departments may require additional course work in the knowledge area when the student has completed the master's degree in a field other than the designated knowledge area or when prior academic preparation is considered inadequate.

      The knowledge area consists of courses in the student's teaching discipline or administration and may contain courses in related fields when appropriate and when approved by the knowledge area advisor. Each knowledge area department, working with NCCCE, sets its own requirement, specifying a core set of courses and working with the student to develop a program of study consisting of advanced course work, directed reading, and independent study.

      Students must complete a minimum of 18 credits in the core curriculum including the following:

      COMC 998 Doctoral Project/Research Preparation
      EDCC 893 Leadership
      EDCC 801 The Community College

      Each student also chooses elective courses from the list below:

      COMC 897 Directed Reading in Community College Education
      EDCC 802 Community College Teaching through Learning Styles
      EDCC 805 Teaching Thinking
      EDCC 806 Seminar in Communication Skills for Teaching
      EDCC 892 Special Topics in Community College Education
      EDCC 840 Seminar in Adult Development and Learning

      Students must satisfactorily complete a three-credit internship. This may be a teaching internship in a community college or a nonteaching internship, depending on the extent of the student's teaching experience. Nonteaching internships are at NCCCE.

      Upon satisfactory completion of all course work and the internship, a student completes either a traditional comprehensive examination or a nontraditional comprehensive experience demonstrating the student's mastery of the knowledge area and the core curriculum. Students must satisfactorily complete the examination or experience to be advanced to candidacy for the degree. A student must complete all degree requirements within five years following the semester of advancement to candidacy.

      Upon advancement to candidacy, a student completes a written doctoral project. The amount of credit assigned to the project reflects the extent of the undertaking. However, a minimum of 10 project credits are required, of which 3 credits are earned in COMC 998 Doctoral Project/Research Preparation. The project is synthesizing in nature and must contribute new knowledge or reinterpretation of existing knowledge to the area being investigated. Doctoral projects must demonstrate high standards of scholarship and the ability to engage in independent research resulting in a substantial contribution to knowledge or practice in the field.

      Students are advised by the staff of NCCCE for the community college portion of their studies. In addition, each student is assigned an advisor in the knowledge area. Working with those advisors, students prepare a program of study and complete all program requirements. Doctoral students are required to remain in continual registration, not including the summer session.

      Twelve credits beyond the master's degree may, with the permission of the student's knowledge area advisor, be applied toward the D.A. in Community College Education, provided that the course work is relevant and appropriate to the student's program of study. Credit applied toward the degree must have been earned within six years before admission to the doctoral program. Students who have not used this provision at the time of admission to the program may, with approval, complete up to 12 credits of approved course work at other institutions while enrolled in the doctoral program, and apply these credits to program requirements. The Consortium of Universities of the Washington Metropolitan Area affords students an opportunity to pursue doctoral studies at 10 area universities while paying George Mason tuition.

    Graduate Certificate Programs

    • Certificate in Advanced Studies in Teaching and Learning

      This 12-credit certificate program includes a common core of courses aligned with the standards of the National Board for Professional Teaching. This certificate offers advanced preparation for instructional leadership and is designed to prepare teachers to apply for national board certification.

    • Certificate in Alternative Education

      This 18-credit certificate program is designed for professionals who are interested in or are currently working in alternative education settings. It offers the knowledge and skills necessary to work effectively with at-risk students, their families, and involved agencies.

    • Certificate in Assistive Technology

      This 15-credit certificate program provides supplemental training for practitioners, families, and caregivers who use assistive technology with people with disabilities with whom they work. The certificate is appropriate for general and special educators, related service personnel (OT, PT, SLP, etc.), adult service providers, and families and caregivers who work with those with disabilities and need to apply assistive technology solutions within their specific discipline or school, work, home, or community setting.

    • Certificate in Community College Education

      The graduate certificate in community college education is designed for holders of master's degrees who are planning (or exploring the possibility of) a community college career. The master's degree must be from an accredited institution in a subject area that is taught at the community college level. (These subject areas include most arts and sciences disciplines. Please check the web site at www.gse.gmu.edu to be sure that the master's degree is applicable.)

      The program combines course work on pedagogy and the community college with an internship under the guidance of an experienced teacher or administrator. Completion of the certificate program does not guarantee the student a community college position. Nonetheless, those who earn the certificate enter competition for community college positions with the advantage of having pertinent experience.

      The certificate requires 18 credits beyond the master's degree; the student may complete either 9 credits of course work and 9 credits of a teaching or an administrative internship, or 12 credits of course work and 6 credits of an internship. Students usually select course work from a core curriculum that focuses on applied teaching techniques. With the permission of the requisite department, however, students may substitute six credits of graduate courses in their teaching field for six credits of course work on teaching-related subjects. Students following an administrative strand pursue related courses. Core curriculum offerings include the following:

      EDCC 801 The Community College
      EDCC 802 Community College Teaching through Learning Styles
      EDCC 805 Teaching Thinking
      EDCC 806 Seminar in Communication Skills for Teaching
      EDCC 892 Special Topics in Community College Education
      EDCC 893 Leadership

      A maximum of three credits may, with the permission of NCCCE, be transferred from another institution. At least six credits of George Mason course work must be completed before the student may enroll in an internship. The internship is an independent study course listed as COMC 885 Internship in Community College Education (1-6 credits).

    • Certificate in Early Childhood Education

      This 18-credit certificate is designed for early childhood professionals who work in various roles with young children and their families. It focuses on the practice and the study of early childhood education and is based on the Early Childhood Generalist Standards for the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards.

    • Certificate in Integration of Technology in Schools

      This 12-credit certificate program is offered to teachers who wish to gain the necessary knowledge and skills for integrating technology into the K-12 curriculum and is designed to fulfill the state-mandated technology competencies for teachers.

    • Certificate in Literacy

      This 18-credit certificate is designed for teachers who have a master's degree and are seeking a Virginia reading specialist license. Training is provided in the areas of literacy foundations from birth to adulthood and literacy assessments for groups and individuals. An advanced seminar focuses on literacy program supervision, staff development, and research-based inquiry.

    • Certificate in Multimedia Development

      This 15-credit certificate program is offered to those who would like to learn the technology associated with multimedia development. This program provides students with an introduction to the design and development of educational and training products and with training on current and timely technology products.

    • Certificate in Science Education

      This 18-credit certificate provides course work in the area of science related to the Virginia Standards of Learning. Students are prepared to be lead teachers on either of two levels: K-6 or 6-12.



    George Mason University: 2000-2001 University Catalog: Catalog Index: Graduate School of Education