Communication Courses (COMM)

Related Catalog Entry: College of Arts and Sciences / Communication

Related Mason Website: Communication (http://www.gmu.edu/departments/comm/)

100 Introduction to Oral Communication (3:3:0). Students gain an understanding of the elements involved in the process of oral communication. Emphasis on the principles and types of public oral communication, especially on giving information and understanding the principles of persuasion. Practice in preparing and presenting materials in public settings as well as listening to such messages.

101 Introduction to Interpersonal Communication (3:3:0). Principles involved in communicating in interpersonal relationships with the primary focus on dyadic and nonpresentational group situations. Skill development appropriate to these settings is emphasized.

102 Introduction to Media Literacy (3:3:0). Principles and practices of media literacy. Emphasis on critical viewing/listening/reading media skills and media effects on the consumer.

140 Forensics Seminar in Creative Arts (1:0:6).Prerequisite: Audition. Intensive work in creative forensics events--rhetorical criticism and epideictic, informative, persuasive, extemporaneous, after-dinner, and impromptu speaking. May be taken four times.

141 Forensics Seminar in Re-creative Arts (1:0:6).Prerequisite: Audition. Intensive work in recreative forensic events--dramatic duo, mixed interpretation, poetry interpretation, dramatic pairs, original poetry, and prose interpretation. May be taken four times.

142 Forensics Seminar in Debate: Affirmative Strategies (1:0:6). Work in affirmative research, case construction, and oral presentation, directed toward affirmative analysis of the intercollegiate debate proposition. May be taken four times.

143 Forensics Seminar in Debate: Negative Strategies (1:0:6). Work in negative research, case attacks, and oral presentation directed toward negative analysis of the intercollegiate debate proposition. May be taken four times.

145 Newspaper Workshop I (1:1:2). Practical experience in writing, editing, or business aspects of newspaper production at Broadside or other papers. Coordinated by the newspaper faculty advisor. May be repeated for a total of three credits.

148 Radio Workshop I (1:1:3).Prerequisite: 100-level COMM course or permission of instructor. Practical experience in production, newswriting, promotions, advertising, public relations, programming, or newscasting for the student radio station, WGMU. May be repeated for a total of three credits.

150 Communication Skills for International Students (3:3:0).Prerequisite: International student in first year of study in the United States or permission of instructor. Introduction to speaking, listening and nonverbal skills required to communicate appropriately in university study.

157 Video Workshop I (1:1:2). Practical experience in learning the basics of video production (camera, video, and lighting). May be taken three times.

201 Small Group Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 101 or relevant course. Principles of communicating effectively in small group situations. Emphasis on problem-solving group communication. Practice in working cooperatively with others to complete projects using systematic approach to problem solving.

202 Mass Media and Communication Systems (3:3:0). Study of the development of various telecommunications and media systems in the United States, including print media, motion pictures, the recording industry, telegraphy and telephony, broadcasting and cable, and the new communications technologies.

203 Introduction to Journalism (3:3:0). American journalism including components in journalism history and the First Amendment, the role of the professional journalist, print and broadcast news operations, the economics of newspaper publishing, and other topics. The course serves both as a starting point for those desiring to pursue journalism studies and an orientation for the news consumer interested in learning more about news business operations.

210 Voice and Articulation (3:3:0). Principles of voice production with practice in effective vocal usage of American English. Emphasis on student participation.

220 Public Speaking (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 100, 101, or 102. Principles and types of public speaking; emphasis on informing and persuading. Intensive practice in preparing and presenting speeches.

230 Case Studies in Persuasion (3:3:0). Case study applications of common persuasive message strategies and approaches. Basic principles of the persuasive process. Case studies include advertisements, speeches, and persuasive activities from all segments of society.

250 Introduction to Communication Research (3:3:0). Introduction to the various types of research in the field of communication, with an emphasis on developing library skills and generating research questions and hypotheses. Basic procedures for research and writing about communication are covered.

260 Basic Debate Theory and Practice (3:1:3). Theory and practice of formal debate. Approaches to analytical reasoning, research, delivery, and the conceptual basis for debate. Does not require tournament participation.

261 Theories of Argumentation (3:3:0). Critical analysis of argument within communicative settings with emphasis on deductive and inductive forms of reasoning, fallacies in reasoning, tests of evidence, and the models for such analysis.

299 Research Practicum in Communication (1-3:0:0). Introduction to research methods in communication in the context of assisting with faculty research; individualized sections taught by arrangement with full-time faculty. Methods taught vary, but generally include data collection, data analysis, and report construction.

300 Foundations of Public Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Three credits of 100- or 200-level COMM courses, or 60 credits; Prerequisite or corequisite: COMM 250. Theories and principles of public communication with emphasis on methods of persuasion, propaganda, speaker/listener alignments in the public setting, and measurements of effective public communication.

301 Foundations of Interpersonal Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Three credits of 100- or 200-level COMM courses, or 60 credits; Prerequisite or corequisite: COMM 250. Theories and principles of interpersonal communication with emphasis on models of communication, verbal and nonverbal message systems, and analysis of communicative relationships.

302 Foundations of Mass Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Three credits of 100- or 200-level COMM courses, or 60 credits; Prerequisite or corequisite: COMM 250. Theories and principles of mass communication with emphasis on effects, the media as institution, and role of society.

305 Foundations of Intercultural Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Three COMM credits or permission of instructor. Analysis of communication variables as they relate to intercultural encounters. Emphasis is on the influence of culture on the communication process, including differences in values, assumptions, and communication rules.

306 Issues in Intercultural Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 305 or permission of instructor. Continuation of COMM 305. Basic principles of intercultural communication applied to the analysis of specific situations involving cultural differences. A model of intercultural communication analysis is developed and applied to issues dealing with relations between a dominant society and subcultures, social change in developing countries, and international relations.

307 Field Study in Intercultural Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 305 or permission of instructor. A structured communication learning experience centered on one to three weeks of travel in a foreign environment involving another country or a relevant subcultural group in the United States. Students must complete readings relevant to communication in the host society, laboratory assignments that require the student to make observations about intercultural communication, and a personal learning paper in which the student integrates learning from observation and interactions during the travel. Students must also attend seminar sessions and lectures. Intercultural communication concepts and principles are used to analyze the students' observations and communication experiences.

310 Oral Interpretation (3:3:0). Principles and theories of oral interpretation. Practice with advanced problems in solo interpretation including the lecture-recital.

320 Business and Professional Communication (3:3:0). Study of basic theories and skills of communication in a variety of professional contexts, including interviewing, relationship maintenance, small group teams, and public presentations. Emphasis on the development of practical and critical thinking skills.

326 Rhetoric of Social Movements and Political Controversy (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Three COMM credits. Social and political forces of the contemporary era from a communication perspective with emphasis on political leadership, pressures for social/political change, and transformations in the communicative environment.

330 Principles of Public Relations (3:3:0).Prerequisites: Three COMM credits and 60 credits, or permission of instructor. Survey of the nature, history, scope, and practice of public relations in business, trade associations, nonprofit organizations, and educational institutions. Principles and practice of public relations, including topics such as broadcast, publicity, and public service announcements; marketing and research; planning and publicity for special events; house publications; institutional advertising.

332 Nonverbal Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Three COMM credits. Theory, principles, and methods of analysis of nonverbal communication. Emphasis on physical behavior, facial expression, personal space and territoriality, physical appearance, vocal cues, and environment.

335 Organizational Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 100, 101, or 301, or permission of instructor. Theory, practice, and methods of analysis of communication within organizations. Emphasis on the process and structure, interaction formats, mechanisms for modification, and career paths in organizational communication.

340 Forensics Seminar in Creative Arts (1:0:6).Prerequisites: Four credits of COMM 140 or 60 credits and audition. Intensive work in various types of creative forensics events--rhetorical criticism, epideictic, information, persuasive, extemporaneous, after-dinner, and impromptu speaking. May be taken four times.

341 Forensics Seminar in Re-creative Arts (1:0:6).Prerequisites: Four credits of COMM 141 or 60 credits and audition. Intensive work in various types of re-creative forensics events--dramatic duo, mixed interpretation, dramatic pairs, and original poetry. May be taken four times.

342 Forensics Seminar in Debate: Affirmative Strategies (1:0:6).Prerequisites: Four hours of COMM 142 or 60 credits and audition. Work in affirmative research, case construction, and oral presentation directed toward affirmative analysis of the intercollegiate debate proposition. May be taken four times.

343 Forensics Seminar in Debate: Negative Strategies (1:0:6).Prerequisites: Four credits of COMM 143 or 60 credits and audition. Work in negative research, case attacks, and oral presentation directed toward negative analysis of the intercollegiate debate proposition. May be taken four times.

344 Parliamentary Procedure (1:1:0).Prerequisite: 60 credits or permission of lecturer. Procedures of parliamentary law as practiced in voluntary organizations. Practice in leading groups that conduct business according to Roberts Rules of Order Newly Revised. A brief review of other parliamentary systems.

345 Newspaper Workshop II (1:1:2). Prerequisite or corequisite: Three credits of COMM 145, COMM 351, or permission of instructor. Practical experience in writing and editing for the student newspaper or other papers. Coordinated with the instruction in COMM 351. May be taken three times.

346 Yearbook Workshop (1:1:2). Practical experience in promotion, marketing, and sales of a video yearbook and/or practical experience working on Senior Expressions Magazine, a print supplement to the video yearbook. May be taken three times.

347 Literary Magazine Workshop (1:1:2). Practical experience in leadership roles in public relations, marketing, or sales of the video yearbook. May be taken three times.

348 Radio Workshop II (1:1:3).Prerequisite: COMM 148 or permission of instructor. Intense practical application of previously acquired skills in production, promotions, advertising, public relations, programming, or newswriting for the student radio station, WGMU.

349 Student Leadership Seminar (1:3:0).Prerequisite: 60 credits or permission of instructor. Introduction to leadership concepts. An experiential seminar focusing on practical application of leadership concepts in a student organization setting.

350 Mass Communication and Public Policy (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 102, 202, or 302, or permission of instructor. Investigation of the manner in which matters of public importance are communicated via the various channels of mass communication. Emphasis on regulations designed to minimize the influence of mass media on public decision making, and manipulation of the media by pressure groups, politicians, and media gatekeepers.

351 Newswriting and Reporting (3:2:2).Prerequisites: ENGL 101 or COMM 203, and 40 wpm keyboard skills. Experience in actual newsgathering. In addition to the news reporting component, numerous in-class and out-of-class writing assignments train students in the unique writing style of the journalist.

352 News Editing (3:2:2).Prerequisite: COMM 351 and keyboard skills. Techniques of copy editing, including copy preparation, headline writing, news judging, and newspaper make-up. Introduction to working on newspaper copy desks. Applications for anyone preparing copy for publication.

353 Broadcast Journalism (3:3:0).Prerequisites: COMM 351 or permission of instructor, and keyboard skills. Investigation of the unique writing style of journalists in the electronic media. Emphasis on concise, conversational, and timely newswriting. Techniques of mixing the words of the report with the sights and/or sounds of the news story.

354 Radio Production (3:1:4).Prerequisite: COMM 302 or permission of instructor. Theory and practice of operational radio broadcasting. Topics include the programming, production, and promotion aspects of commercial and noncommercial radio.

355 Video I: Principles and Practices (3:3:2). Basic production techniques of video production. Emphasis on camera, audio, lighting, editing, and talent. Lab work required. This course is a prerequisite for all Video II level courses.

356 Video II: Performance and Writing ( 3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 355 or portfolio assessment. Focus on writing for video, performances skills for on-talent work, and interviewing.

357 Television Workshop (1:1:3).Prerequisite: COMM 157 or permission of instructor. Practical experience in electronic field production while working for the student video center. Video experience necessary.

358 Video II Producing and Direction (3:2:4).Prerequisite: COMM 355 or Portfolio Assessment. Introduction to the techniques, theory, and practices in producing, direction, and distribution video productions.

359 Media Management (3:3:0). Principles and practices of media management from general management techniques to the operation of individual departments within a media organization.

361 Advanced Newswriting and Reporting (3:2:3).Prerequisite: COMM 351 or permission of instructor. Advanced reporting course in which students engage in actual newsgathering outside the classroom and writing for publication in the university newspaper or other sources.

362 Argument and Public Policy (3:3:0). Development of argumentative skills while examining contemporary public policy. Several methods of argumentative analysis are applied to the design and implementation of public policy. Students learn by constructing, examining, and using public argument.

365 Women and Media (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 302 or permission of instructor. Introduction to the concepts of the power and influence of the mass media. Allows students to see themselves as products of media influence and gives them a sense of women's roles as media professionals, as well as consumers.

375 Mass Communication Advertising and Promotions (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 302 or permission of instructor. The history, regulation, and ratings of advertising; as well as media buying, advertising campaigns, and the strengths and weaknesses of media vehicles used in advertising.

380 Media Criticism (3:3:0). Examination of the practical criticism of a wide variety of media texts including television programs, newspapers, articles, films, photographs, and advertisements. Introduction to the principles of major contemporary modes of analysis for systematically interpreting both visual and verbal forms of communication.

389 Internal and Public Relations Communication for Trade Associations (3:3:0). Prerequisite: 60 credits or 3 lower-division COMM credits. Principles of editing and journalism as applied to the publications, public relations, and advertising needs within a corporate environment. Job requirements of editorial positions in the fields of public relations, publications, and information as defined by trade associations, nonprofit organizations, and large corporations.

399 Special Topics in Speech Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Study of speech communication through topics such as African American rhetoric and communication reticence. Topics vary and some topics require laboratories. May be repeated with permission of department.

400 Introduction to Research Methods in Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: 60 credits or permission of instructor. Primary research methodologies used in communication. Rhetorical and experimental-statistical methodologies.

401 Relational Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 301 or permission of instructor. Comprehensive study of the theories and research associated with the development and deterioration of interpersonal relationships. Emphasis on such dimensions as interpersonal needs, norms, rituals, attraction and attribution, intimacy, conflict and conflict resolution, roles, male-female communication, and rhetorical sensitivity.

410 Readers Theater I (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 110. Development and current concepts of group communication of literature. Adaptation of literary material with practical application in direction and performance.

411 Readers Theater II (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 410. Intensive practice in directing and performing group communication of literature.

412/GOVT 412 Politics and the Mass Media (3:3:0).Prerequisite: GOVT 103 or permission of instructor. Responsibilities and freedoms of the mass media in a democracy. Influence of media on citizens' opinions, on elections, and on decisions of public officials.

420 Senior Seminar in Theories of Communicative Interaction (3:3:0).Prerequisite: 105 credits or permission of instructor. Primary theories explaining human communicative behavior. Traditional rhetorical theory, temporary social science theories, and critical theories.

430 Persuasion (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 230 or permission of instructor. Theories of persuasive communication including traditional and contemporary attitudinal change theories; the relationship between speaker, message, and audience; and the relationship between attitudinal and behavioral change.

431/GOVT 431 Information Technology and the Political Process (3:3:0). Prerequisite: GOVT 103 or 133, or junior status as a major in communication, or permission of instructor. Study of the impact of the information network of wire and wireless communications and computers on the political process in advanced industrial countries.

432 Political Communication (3:3:0). Study of how political communication functions to shape the development of "political reality." The interaction between media and politics are examined as to the ways communication functions in political settings.

433 Environmental Communication (3:3:0). Rhetoric and persuasion about environmental issues in contemporary society. Investigation of case studies in corporate, institutional, and movement attempts to mobilize and cope with ecological concerns. Critical assessment of public communication is emphasized.

434 Interviewing (3:3:0).Prerequisite: 60 credits or permission of instructor. Theory, principles, and practical skills essential to the interview process. Emphasis on situations such as the information-gathering interview, the journalistic interview, the employment interview, and the performance-appraisal interview.

450 Internship in Communication (3:1:10).Prerequisites: 75 credits, 15 credits in COMM, major in communication, and permission of department. See department for application procedures. On-the-job training in communication through approved fieldwork study programs. Internships are arranged and supervised by the Department of Communication through an internship coordinator. May be repeated.

451 Facilitating Communication Education (3:1:5). Theory and practice in facilitating the learning of communication principles and skills. Students work as instructor aides in lower division classes under the supervision of a faculty member. Activities include facilitating small group activities and individually critiquing oral performances. May be repeated once for credit.

454 Free Speech and Ethics (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 300, 302, or permission of instructor. Major issues surrounding the role of speech, press, and electronic media in society. Areas of study include the history of free speech/press issues in society, the role of the government in regulating the marketplace of ideas, and the responsibility of the individual in a free society.

455/HIST 455 History of Print Journalism (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Three COMM or HIST credits. Development of print journalism from its inception to the present, with emphasis on the interaction of technology, audience, and government intervention. Topics include birth of the press, development of the modern newspaper and American development including the Revolutionary and Civil Wars, the rise of the independent press, and the Yellow Journalism period.

456 Comparative Mass Media (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 302 or permission of instructor. Major foreign mass media systems as they compare with the American mass media system. Emphasis on comparing the systems of America, England, France, Germany, and other countries.

460 Advanced Rhetorical Criticism (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 300 or permission of instructor. Analysis of religious, political, and social speaking from colonial times to the present. Such speakers as Susan B. Anthony, Jonathan Edwards, Daniel Webster, and others are considered.

465 Topics in Communication and Gender (3:3:0). Exploration of selected topics involving gender and communication. Topics covered may include women in media, women as rhetors, male/female communication, and communication and sex roles. Specific interests are examined in a seminar setting. Course may be repeated with approval of department.

475 Journalism Law (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Law as it relates to the working journalist. Topics include libel, invasion of privacy, free press/fair trial, First Amendment, broadcast regulation, access to media, and advertising. Extensive use of the "case approach" involving the study of leading court decisions in mass media law.

499 Independent Study in Communication (3:0:0).Prerequisites: 75 credits and permission of department. Study of a selected area in public, interpersonal, or mass communication or journalism. The independent study application must be processed before the start of the semester in which the work is to take place. May be repeated. Communication courses at the 500 level are open to postbaccalaureate students or advanced undergraduates with permission of the department.

501 Communication in Professional Relationships (3:3:0). Theoretical perspectives and relevant research related to communication techniques useful in various professional roles and situations. Relates theoretical foundations to practice, allowing students to assess theories of communication and their applications in individual professional fields.

502 Theories and Research of Mass Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Admission to graduate study, or senior standing and permission of instructor. Theories of mass communication that have guided the development of mass media. Emphasis on the major scientific and humanistic approaches to the question of mass media effects.

504 Communication and Interpersonal Conflict (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Admission to graduate study, or senior standing and permission of instructor. Theoretical introduction and experiential learning in the role of communication in conflict management. The focus is upon interpersonal interactions, including dyadic and small-group levels in various settings such as friendships, marriage, family, and the workplace. The course examines the factors that generate conflicts and the communication strategies and skills that help shape conflict interaction toward productive ends. Class activities include lectures, guided discussions, case analyses, exercises, and simulations.

505 Intercultural Communication (3:3:0). Analysis of communication variables as they relate to communication across cultures. Topics include nonverbal communication, time conceptualizations, perceptions and attitudes, values, social organization patterns, cultural norms, language, ethics, conflict across cultures, and research in intercultural communication.

506 Communication in International Organizations (3:3:0). Analysis of communication variables as they relate to organizational and managerial functions within international organizations. Topics include developing an understanding of how cultural differences influence managerial activities and on learning to deal effectively with these differences.

510 Studies in Oral Interpretation (3:3:0). Comprehensive examination of the role of the oral communicator in the selection, adaptation, and performance of literature. Seminar course topics vary depending on genre being considered. May be repeated three times for credit if each course is devoted to a different genre.

530 Theories of Small Group Communication (3:3:0). Advanced-level theory and practice of small group interaction. Examination of current research. Focus on learning applications of theories to relevant settings.

531 Approaches to Group Facilitation (3:3:0). Introduction to various theoretical and practical approaches to group facilitation with in-depth focus and practice in one approach. Students participate in group sessions, analyze videotapes of decision-making groups, and practice methodologies for facilitating group interaction.

534 Theories of Interpersonal Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 301 or permission of instructor. Analysis of contemporary theories, concepts, and approaches to the improvement of interpersonal communication. Extensive examination of interpersonal communication research.

535 Organizational Communication (3:3:0). Analysis of communication systems and processes within organizations, both public and private. Specific topics include conflict management, group decision making, interviewing, technical presentations, and using various channels for improving internal and external communication for the organization.

536 Communication Consulting (3:3:0).Prerequisite: COMM 335. Investigation of theories providing the foundation for communication consulting. The course provides both the theoretical information and the mechanisms for application necessary to modify communicative behavior within organizations.

540 Directing Forensics Programs in Individual Events (3:3:0). Investigation of the role of the individual events forensics educator in developing a high school or college program, coaching and judging competitive original speaking and oral interpretation events, and managing tournaments.

542 Directing Debate Activities (3:3:0). Theory and practice of competitive debate. Emphasis on traditional and contemporary theories of debate, administrative activities related to the direction of a debate program, and methods of instruction in debate, including analysis of current debate topic. Designed for both novice and experienced debate coaches.

543 Advanced Debate Theory (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Prior debate and/or debate coaching experience or permission of instructor. Theoretical issues involved in the practice of debate. Critical examination of new issues in theory and discussion of theory revisions designed to enhance academic debate.

550 Communication in the Classroom (3:3:0).Prerequisite: 90 credits. Communication theories and skills needed to manage the communicative environment in the classroom. Nonverbal aspects of space, time, action, and form are considered as they affect teaching choices. Verbal patterns for skills of classroom management: questioning skills, enhancement of students' self-concept, systematic feedback, parental communication, and student development.

551 Developing Students' Speaking and Listening Skills (3:3:0). Prerequisite: 90 credits. Emphasis on development of assignments that both directly and indirectly develop communication competence in children and adolescents. five functions of communication and their development in the context of integrating basic skills at the elementary level and direct teaching at the secondary level, and philosophies of communication education and curriculum development, as well as competency assessment, are covered.

553 Teaching the College Communication Course (3:3:0). Investigation of the theoretical and philosophical implications of communication instruction. The purpose is to expose graduate students to the principles and practices of teaching college communication courses at the upper and lower divisions.

554 Telecommunications Policy and Regulation (3:3:0).Prerequisites: COMM 302 and senior standing in communication or public affairs, or a baccalaureate degree. Review of the history and principles of telecommunications regulation. Study of relevant policymaking and regulatory institutions and their roles in charting the course of telecommunications in the United States. Examination of the role of citizens and lobby groups in the regulatory process.

555 Theories of Visual Communication in Telecommunications (3:3:0).Prerequisite: A baccalaureate degree or senior standing in COMM. Theories of visual communications and the way in which they are used in the creation of images for web sites, video productions, corporate presentations, virtual reality, computer graphics, etc. Explores the problems of fitting messages to the various telecommunications media, how the target audience perceives the visual image, and the aesthetic demands of products imposed by new technologies.

556 Global Communication (3:3:0).Prerequisites: COMM 302 and senior standing in communication or public affairs, or a baccalaureate degree. Study of global telecommunication channels and artifacts of international mass communication, with focus on discussion of problems of free flow of information, the roles of nations and international organizations in fostering global communication, and other technologies. Specific perspectives are developed as to worldwide social, political, educational, and economic development.

590 Seminar in Communication (3:3:0). Intensive study of specific topics in interpersonal, public, and mass communication. Specific content varies. May be repeated for credit with permission of department.

596 Directed Readings and Research (1-3:0:0).Prerequisite: Permission of department. Reading and research on a specific topic under the direction of a faculty member. A written report is required; an oral or written examination may be required. Course may be repeated for a maximum of six credits.

597 Independent Production (1-3:0:0).Prerequisite: Permission of department. Media or creative production activities under the direction of a faculty member. A completed production is required; a written report and an oral examination may be required. Course may be repeated for a maximum of six credits.

694 Communication Internship (3-6:1-2:0).Prerequisites: Graduate standing and permission of department. Students work in an approved, professional-level communication position, meeting regularly with an internship supervisor from the department. A paper and a journal are required, as well as a minimum of 60 hours work for each credit hour of enrollment. Normally, students enroll in internships at the end of their program of study.

800 Studies for the Doctor of Philosophy in Education (variable credit). Prerequisite: Admission to the Ph.D. in Education program to study in communication. A program of studies designed by student's discipline director and approved by student's doctoral committee. Course work allows the student to participate in the research activity of the discipline director and results in a paper reporting original contributions of the student. Enrollment may be repeated.

806 Seminar in Communication Skills for Teaching (3:3:0).Prerequisite: Admission to doctoral program or permission of instructor. Study of principles and practices underlying effective lecturing and in leading instructional discussion. Application to the student's field of study is encouraged as a way of establishing the teaching environment. Same as EDCC806.